Fly ash is one of the residues generated in combustion of coal in thermal power stations i.e. waste material stored at landfills that needs to be treated. By obtaining the status of feedstok and non-hazardous waste, ash and slug obtained extensive possibilities of use. Ash is a complex mixture containing a large number of components providing a wide range of use.

Ash may be used in the production of cement, concrete (improves features and quality, increases ultimate concrete strength, density, reduces permeability and corrosion in structures), as a raw material in producing construction materials for the building and civil engineering industries (precast concrete, prefabricated elements, building blocks, bricks, ceramic), in road construction for mechanical and chemical stabilisation of road sections, public ditches and bunds, in the production of binders and mortars, in the manufacturing of bricks, soil additive and fertiliser, in chemical industry, etc.

In the European Union (EU 15), 28 million tonnes of fly ashes are utilised annually – some 14 million tonnes in the production of concrete, a bit less in the production of cement, and approx. 23% in the road construction industry.

A number of famous and important structures worldwide have been built with the utilisation of fly ashes.